C++: STL - Librairies standards du C++

Qu'est ce qu'il y a dans les libraires standards du C++ ? Il y a un minimum à connaitre pour connaitre les fonctionnalités que l'on peut développer très rapidement simplement en utilisant les librairies standards du C++.

Wikipédia - C++ Standard Library

Containers

<array>new in C++11 fixed sized array.
<bitset>a bit array.
<deque>a double-ended queue.
<forward_list>a singly linked list.
<list>a doubly linked list.
<map>sorted associative array and multimap.
<queue>a priority queue.
<set>sorted associative containers or sets.
<stack>a stack.
<unordered_map>hash tables.
<unordered_set>
<vector>a dynamic array.

General

<algorithm>
<chrono>time elements, duration, time_point, and clocks.
<functional>Provides several function objects, designed for use with the standard algorithms.
<iterator>Provides classes and templates for working with iterators.
<memory>Provides facilities for memory management in C++, including the class template std::unique_ptr.
<stdexcept>Contains standard exception classes such as std::logic_error and std::runtime_error, both derived from std::exception.
<tuple>a tuple.
<utility>working with object pairs (two-member tuples), and the namespace std::rel_ops, for easier operator overloading.
Localization
<locale>Defines classes and declares functions that encapsulate and manipulate the information peculiar to a locale.
<codecvt>code conversion facets for various character encodings.

Strings

<string>
<regex>using regular expressions.
Streams and input/output
<fstream>
<iomanip>formatting integers and the precision of floating point values.
<ios>
<iosfwd>
<iostream>
<istream>
<ostream><sstream><streambuf>

Language support

<exception>the base class of all exceptions thrown by the Standard Library.
<limits>properties of fundamental numeric types.
<new>C++ memory management.
<typeinfo>Provides facilities for working with C++ run-time type information.
Thread support library
<thread>working with threads.
<mutex>mutual exclusion: mutexes, locks, and call once.
<condition_variable>synchronization primitives used to block a thread until notified by some other thread that some condition is met or until a system time is reached.
<future>C++ program can use to retrieve in one thread the result (value or exception) from a function that has run in the same thread or another thread.

Numerics Library

<complex>complex numbers.
<random>(pseudo-)random numbers
<valarray>
<numeric>numeric operations.

Introduction à la STL (Standard Template Librairy)

La librairie nous livre une implémentation des Containers (vecteurs, listes chaînées, ensemble de données ordonnées.

Il est primordiale de choisir parmi les classes de la STL, celle qui est adaptée à votre besoin. En choissant une mauvaise classe trop complexe pour votre besoin, vous perdriez un temps de calcul considérable.

Cet article détaille l'utilisation et la complexité des différents objets de la STL : pair, list, vector, set, map.

CCM - Introduction à la STL en C++ (standard template library)

Autres librairies du C++

Apache C++ Standard Library

Boost (C++ libraries)

C POSIX library

C standard library

Standard library

C++ Technical Report 1